While it is possible to use electrodes made of carbon or graphite in different types of applications, in industrial processes carbon electrodes are most commonly used for ferro-alloy smelting.
The use of these electrodes is not new with much smaller versions used in early processing that dates all the way back to the first patent for precursor electric arc furnaces in 1879. However, with modern technology and advanced smelting practices, the design and quality of the carbon electrodes in use today is more important than ever.
The Key Factors
For quality and dependability in electrodes, either carbon or graphite, it will be critical to consider the electrical conductivity, the ability to operate with lower energy consumption requirements as well as uniform shape that allows for higher stability of the electrode even at high temperatures. As carbon is naturally very effective at carrying current, it is an ideal material for the electrodes when they are made to quality standards.
It is also essential to consider how the electrodes are joined. The two options found throughout the industry include the conical joint with a standard male/female connection or the graphite pin joints.
Sizes
Different manufacturers of carbon electrodes will typically specialize in a variety of diameter sizes for the electrodes they have on hand as standard stock. This can be an extensive variety of diameters, with some manufacturers offer small diameter electrodes of eighteen inches or less up to the much larger options at 55 inches in diameter.
The top suppliers can also work with your company if custom sizes or custom delivery is required. Many smelting refineries will find the Just-In-Time delivery model is ideal for saving time and space in having to store extra electrodes on-site, something that is well worth considering before choosing a supplier.